TechnicalGIS

Climate and weather data by country

Theme
Climate & weather
Countries
127
National sources
155
Global datasets
24
Last verified

National meteorological services, plus global reanalysis and gridded climate (ERA5, WorldClim, CHELSA, CHIRPS, TerraClimate, NASA POWER). This page lists all 155 national climate sources in the catalogue, country by country, after the 24 global datasets.

To chart temperature, rainfall or vegetation for a place, or to make a satellite time-lapse, without downloading data, use the climate time-series tools.

Global climate & weather datasets

  • CHELSA climatologies (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL · Global

    Downscaled 30 arc-second (about 1 km) monthly temperature and precipitation, bioclimatic variables and CMIP6 futures.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC0 1.0
    Formats
    GeoTIFF, COG
    Link
    chelsa-climate.org

    Verified

  • CHIRPS rainfall (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara · Quasi-global (50°S–50°N)

    Daily to monthly rainfall at 0.05° (about 5 km) for 50°S–50°N since 1981, blending satellite and station data; widely used for drought.

    • Climate & weather
    • Agriculture & soils
    Licence
    CC0 1.0
    Formats
    GeoTIFF, NetCDF, BIL
    Link
    chc.ucsb.edu

    Verified

  • Copernicus Atmosphere Data Store (CAMS) (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free with registration

    ECMWF / Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service · Global

    Air quality, aerosol and greenhouse-gas reanalyses and forecasts, globally at about 40–80 km and for Europe at 10 km; free account.

    • Climate & weather
    • Environment
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0 (most datasets; see each)
    Formats
    NetCDF, GRIB
    Link
    ads.atmosphere.copernicus.eu

    Verified

  • ERA5 reanalysis (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free with registration

    ECMWF / Copernicus Climate Change Service · Global

    Hourly global climate variables at 0.25° (about 31 km) from 1940 to within a few days of today; ERA5-Land gives 0.1° over land.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0
    Formats
    NetCDF, GRIB
    Link
    cds.climate.copernicus.eu

    Verified

  • Global Historical Climatology Network daily (GHCNd) (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    NOAA NCEI · Global

    Quality-controlled daily temperature, precipitation and snow observations from over 100,000 stations in 180 countries.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Public domain (US Gov)
    Formats
    CSV, Parquet
    Link
    ncei.noaa.gov

    Verified

  • Global Solar Atlas (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Solargis / World Bank (ESMAP) · Global

    Long-term solar irradiation and photovoltaic potential at about 250 m, with per-country GIS downloads.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0
    Formats
    GeoTIFF, CSV
    Link
    globalsolaratlas.info

    Verified

  • Global Wind Atlas (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    DTU Wind Energy / World Bank (ESMAP) · Global

    Mean wind speed and power density at 250 m resolution and 10–200 m heights, with country and area downloads.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0
    Formats
    GeoTIFF, CSV
    Link
    globalwindatlas.info

    Verified

  • GPM IMERG precipitation (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free with registration

    NASA Goddard Space Flight Center · Global

    Half-hourly satellite precipitation at 0.1° from 2000, in early, late and final runs; free Earthdata Login needed.

    • Climate & weather
    • Natural hazards
    Licence
    Public domain (NASA open data policy)
    Formats
    HDF5, NetCDF, GeoTIFF
    Link
    gpm.nasa.gov

    Verified

  • NASA POWER (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free

    NASA Langley Research Center · Global

    Daily solar radiation and meteorology for any point since 1981 at 0.5°, aimed at agriculture, buildings and renewable energy.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Public domain (NASA open data policy)
    Formats
    CSV, JSON, NetCDF, API
    Link
    power.larc.nasa.gov

    Verified

  • TerraClimate (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Climatology Lab, University of California Merced · Global

    Monthly climate and water balance (evapotranspiration, soil moisture, runoff) at 1/24° (about 4 km) for global land since 1958.

    • Climate & weather
    • Hydrology
    Licence
    CC0 1.0
    Formats
    NetCDF
    Link
    climatologylab.org

    Verified

  • ARCO-ERA5 (analysis-ready, cloud-optimised ERA5) (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Google Research · Global

    ERA5 reanalysis (hourly, 0.25°, 1940 onwards) as Zarr stores in the public Google Cloud bucket gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5; open with xarray and gcsfs without a Copernicus account.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0
    Formats
    Zarr
    Link
    github.com

    Verified

  • Copernicus Climate Data Store (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free with registration

    ECMWF (Copernicus) · Global

    ERA5 reanalysis, seasonal forecasts and CMIP6 projections with a Python API (cdsapi); free ECMWF account needed.

    • Climate & weather
    • Environment
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0 (most datasets; see each)
    Formats
    NetCDF, GRIB
    Link
    cds.climate.copernicus.eu

    Verified

  • EMIT imaging spectrometer and methane plumes (opens in a new tab)

    Portal Cost: Free

    NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory · Global (52°N to 52°S)

    Hyperspectral imaging spectrometer on the International Space Station; JPL publishes mineral dust maps, methane and CO2 enhancement images and a catalogue of detected plume complexes, with an interactive greenhouse gas data portal.

    • Climate & weather
    • Environment
    • Imagery
    Licence
    Public domain
    Formats
    COG, NetCDF, GeoJSON
    Link
    earth.jpl.nasa.gov

    Verified

  • NASA VEDA (Visualization, Exploration and Data Analysis) (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free

    NASA · Global

    Open STAC catalogue and tiling API for NASA Earth science datasets, including EMIT methane enhancement, greenhouse gas fluxes, nighttime lights and air quality; no login needed, with a public dashboard at earthdata.nasa.gov/dashboard.

    • Climate & weather
    • Environment
    • Imagery
    Licence
    Mostly CC0 / public domain (varies by dataset)
    Formats
    COG, Zarr
    Link
    openveda.cloud

    Verified

  • WorldClim (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    WorldClim · Global

    Monthly climate normals (1970–2000) and CMIP6 future projections at 30 arc-seconds (about 1 km) to 10 arc-minutes.

    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Free for academic and non-commercial use (WorldClim terms)
    Formats
    GeoTIFF
    Link
    worldclim.org

    Verified

  • Registry of Open Data on AWS (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    Amazon Web Services · Global

    Directory of 600+ public datasets in S3 (Sentinel, Landsat, NAIP, Copernicus DEM, ERA5, NOAA), free to access without an account.

    • Open data portal
    • Imagery
    • Elevation / DEM
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Per dataset
    Formats
    COG, Zarr, NetCDF, GeoParquet
    Link
    registry.opendata.aws

    Verified

  • Copernicus Marine Service (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free with registration

    Mercator Ocean International (Copernicus) · Global

    Ocean physics and biogeochemistry (temperature, currents, sea level, chlorophyll) as global analyses, forecasts and reanalyses; free account.

    • Marine & coastal
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Copernicus Marine licence (free; registration)
    Formats
    NetCDF, Zarr, API
    Link
    data.marine.copernicus.eu

    Verified

  • ESA CCI Land Cover (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative · Global

    Consistent annual 300 m global land cover maps from 1992 onwards in 22 UN-LCCS classes, continued by the C3S service.

    • Land cover
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Free and open (ESA CCI data policy; attribution)
    Formats
    NetCDF, GeoTIFF
    Link
    climate.esa.int

    Verified

  • GAEZ v4 (Global Agro-Ecological Zones) (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    FAO / IIASA · Global

    Crop suitability, attainable yields and yield gaps for 50+ crops at 5 arc-minutes (about 9 km) under current and future climates.

    • Agriculture & soils
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
    Formats
    GeoTIFF
    Link
    gaez.fao.org

    Verified

  • Google Earth Engine Data Catalog (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Mixed

    Google · Global

    Catalogue of 1,000+ public raster and vector datasets; analysis runs in Earth Engine, which requires a registered Cloud project.

    • Imagery
    • Land cover
    • Elevation / DEM
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Per dataset; Earth Engine free for non-commercial use, paid for commercial
    Formats
    API, GeoTIFF
    Link
    developers.google.com

    Verified

  • NOAA Optimum Interpolation SST (OISST) (opens in a new tab)

    Download Cost: Free

    NOAA NCEI · Global

    Daily global sea-surface temperature at 0.25° since September 1981, blending satellite, ship and buoy data.

    • Marine & coastal
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Public domain (US Gov)
    Formats
    NetCDF
    Link
    ncei.noaa.gov

    Verified

  • OpenAQ (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free with registration

    OpenAQ · Global

    Air-quality measurements (PM2.5, PM10, NO₂, O₃) from government and research monitors in 100+ countries; free API key.

    • Environment
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Per source (platform data CC BY 4.0)
    Formats
    CSV, JSON, API
    Link
    openaq.org

    Verified

  • Microsoft Planetary Computer (opens in a new tab)

    API Cost: Free

    Microsoft · Global

    Over 100 analysis-ready datasets (Sentinel, Landsat, NAIP, ERA5, land cover) behind a free STAC API; data access needs no account.

    • Imagery
    • Land cover
    • Elevation / DEM
    • Environment
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Per dataset (mostly open; shown on each collection page)
    Formats
    COG, Zarr, STAC
    Link
    planetarycomputer.microsoft.com

    Verified

  • NASA Earthdata Search (opens in a new tab)

    Portal Cost: Free with registration

    NASA · Global

    Search and download the full NASA EOSDIS archive (MODIS, VIIRS, SRTM, ICESat-2, GEDI, SMAP); downloads need a free Earthdata Login.

    • Imagery
    • Elevation / DEM
    • Environment
    • Climate & weather
    Licence
    Public domain (NASA open data policy)
    Formats
    HDF, NetCDF, GeoTIFF
    Link
    search.earthdata.nasa.gov

    Verified

Climate & weather sources by country

Africa 52 countries

Algeria 1
Angola 1
Benin 1
Botswana 1
Burkina Faso 1
Burundi 1
Cabo Verde 1
Cameroon 1
Central African Republic 1
Chad 1
Comoros 2
Côte d'Ivoire 1
Democratic Republic of the Congo 1
Djibouti 1
Egypt 1
Equatorial Guinea 1
Eritrea 1
Eswatini 1
Ethiopia 2
Ghana 1
Guinea 1
Guinea-Bissau 1
Kenya 2
Lesotho 1
Liberia 1
Libya 1
Madagascar 2
Malawi 1
Mali 1
Mauritania 1
Mauritius 1
Morocco 1
Mozambique 2
Namibia 1
Niger 1
Nigeria 1
Republic of the Congo 1
Rwanda 2
Senegal 1
Seychelles 1
Sierra Leone 1
Somalia 2
South Africa 4
South Sudan 1
Sudan 1
Tanzania 3
The Gambia 1
Togo 1
Tunisia 1
Uganda 1
Zambia 1
Zimbabwe 1

Asia 31 countries

Azerbaijan 1
Bangladesh 1
Bhutan 1
China 2
Cyprus 1
Georgia 1
Hong Kong 1
India 3
Indonesia 1
Israel 1
Japan 1
Jordan 1
Kazakhstan 1
Macao 1
Malaysia 1
Maldives 1
Nepal 1
Oman 1
Pakistan 1
Philippines 1
Saudi Arabia 1
Singapore 1
South Korea 1
Sri Lanka 1
Taiwan 1
Tajikistan 1
Thailand 1
Türkiye 1
United Arab Emirates 1
Uzbekistan 1
Vietnam 1

Europe 31 countries

Austria 1
Belgium 1
Bulgaria 1
Croatia 1
Czechia 1
Denmark 1
Estonia 1
Finland 1
France 1
Greece 1
Hungary 1
Iceland 1
Ireland 1
Latvia 1
Lithuania 1
Luxembourg 1
Montenegro 1
Netherlands 1
North Macedonia 1
Norway 2
Poland 1
Portugal 1
Romania 1
Russia 1
Serbia 1
Slovakia 1
Spain 1
Sweden 1
Switzerland 1
Ukraine 1
United Kingdom 4

North America 4 countries

Canada 2
Greenland 1
Mexico 1
United States 4

South America 4 countries

Brazil 1
Chile 2
Colombia 1
Peru 1

Oceania 5 countries

Australia 4
Fiji 1
French Polynesia 1
New Caledonia 1
New Zealand 2

Tutorials that use climate & weather data